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Donne was born in 1573 (his father died in 1576) into a Roman Catholic
family, and from 1584 to 1594 was educated at Oxford and Cambridge and
Lincoln's Inn. He became an
Anglican around 1594 and aimed at a career in government. He
joined with Raleigh and Essex in raids on Cadiz and the Azores, and became
private secretary to Sir Thomas Egerton. But in 1601 he secretly married
Anne More, the 16-year-old niece of Egerton, and her enraged father had
Donne imprisoned. The years following were years of poverty, debt, illness,
and frustration. In 1615 he was ordained.
One might conclude that Donne's professed
religious belief was mere opportunism. But the evidence of his poetry is
that, long before his ordination, and probably beginning with his marriage,
his thoughts were turned toward holiness, and he saw in his wife Anne a
glimpse of the glory of God, and in human love a revelation of the nature of
Divine Love. His poetry, mostly written before his ordination, includes
poems both sacred and secular, full of wit, puns, paradoxes, and obscure
allusions at whose meanings we can sometimes only guess.
After his ordination, his reputation as a preacher grew steadily. From 1622
until his death he was Dean of St. Paul's Cathedral in London, and drew huge
crowds to hear him, both at the Cathedral and at Paul's Cross, an outdoor
pulpit nearby.
Most anthologies of English poetry contain at least a few of his poems, and
it is a poor college library that does not have a complete set of them.
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