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As a presbyter
in Rome, Hippolytus (the name means “a horse turned loose”) was at first
“holier than the Church.” He censured the pope for not coming down hard
enough on a certain heresy—calling him a tool in the hands of one Callistus,
a deacon—and coming close to advocating the opposite heresy himself. When
Callistus was elected pope, Hippolytus accused him of being too lenient with
penitents, and had himself elected antipope by a group of followers. He felt
that the Church must be composed of pure souls uncompromisingly separated
from the world, and evidently thought that his group fitted the description.
He remained in schism through the reigns of three popes. In 235 he was also
banished to the island of Sardinia. Shortly before or after this event, he
was reconciled to the Church, and died with Pope Pontian in exile.
Hippolytus was a rigorist, a vehement and intransigent man for whom even
orthodox doctrine and practice were not purified enough. He is,
nevertheless, the most important theologian and prolific religious writer
before the age of Constantine. His writings are the fullest source of our
knowledge of the Roman liturgy and the structure of the Church in the second
and third centuries. His works include many Scripture commentaries, polemics
against heresies and a history of the world. A marble statue, dating from
the third century, representing the saint sitting in a chair, was found in
1551. On one side is inscribed his table for computing the date of Easter,
on the other a list of how the system works out until the year 224. Pope
John XXIII installed the statue in the Vatican library.
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